@article{ISI:000308001400016, abstract = {We develop a continuum theory to model low energy excitations of a generic four-band time reversal invariant electronic system with boundaries. We propose a variational energy functional for the wavefunctions which allows us to derive natural boundary conditions valid for such systems. Our formulation is particularly suited for developing a continuum theory of the protected edge/surface excitations of topological insulators both in two and three dimensions. By a detailed comparison of our analytical formulation with tight binding calculations of ribbons of topological insulators modelled by the Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang (BHZ) Hamiltonian, we show that the continuum theory with a natural boundary condition provides an appropriate description of the low energy physics.}, article-number = {355001}, author = {Medhi, Amal and Shenoy, Vijay B.}, doi = {10.1088/0953-8984/24/35/355001}, eissn = {1361-648X}, issn = {0953-8984}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER}, month = {SEP 5}, number = {35}, orcid-numbers = {Medhi, Amal/0000-0001-5322-1649}, times-cited = {18}, title = {Continuum theory of edge states of topological insulators: variational principle and boundary conditions}, unique-id = {ISI:000308001400016}, volume = {24}, year = {2012} }