@article{ISI:000305604600005,
 abstract = {We present an extensive study of Mott insulator (MI) and superfluid (SF)
shells in Bose-Hubbard (BH) models for bosons in optical lattices with
harmonic traps. For this we apply the inhomogeneous mean-field theory
developed by Sheshadri et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4075 (1995)]. Our
results for the BH model with one type of spinless bosons agree
quantitatively with quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Our approach is
numerically less intensive than such simulations, so we are able to
perform calculations on experimentally realistic, large
three-dimensional systems, explore a wide range of parameter values, and
make direct contact with a variety of experimental measurements. We also
extend our inhomogeneous mean-field theory to study BH models with
harmonic traps and (a) two species of bosons or (b) spin-1 bosons. With
two species of bosons, we obtain rich phase diagrams with a variety of
SF and MI phases and associated shells when we include a quadratic
confining potential. For the spin-1 BH model, we show, in a
representative case, that the system can display alternating shells of
polar SF and MI phases, and we make interesting predictions for
experiments in such systems.},
 article-number = {214524},
 author = {Pai, Ramesh V. and Kurdestany, Jamshid Moradi and Sheshadri, K. and
Pandit, Rahul},
 doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.85.214524},
 eissn = {2469-9969},
 issn = {2469-9950},
 journal = {PHYSICAL REVIEW B},
 month = {JUN 25},
 number = {21},
 times-cited = {11},
 title = {Bose-Hubbard models in confining potentials: Inhomogeneous mean-field
theory},
 unique-id = {ISI:000305604600005},
 volume = {85},
 year = {2012}
}